TABLE 1 Global Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 2 Global Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 3 Partnerships, Collaborations and Agreements– Residential Heat Pump Market
TABLE 4 Product Launches And Product Expansions– Residential Heat Pump Market
TABLE 5 Acquisition and Mergers– Residential Heat Pump Market
TABLE 6 Geogrpahical Expansions- Residential heat pump market
TABLE 7 Global Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 8 Global Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 9 Global Electric Powered Market by Region, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 10 Global Electric Powered Market by Region, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 11 Global GAS-POWERED Market by Region, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 12 Global Gas Powered Market by Region, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 13 Global Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 14 Global Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 15 Global Air Source Market by Region, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 16 Global Air Source Market by Region, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 17 Global Geothermal Market by Region, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 18 Global Geothermal Market by Region, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 19 Global Water Source Market by Region, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 20 Global Water Source Market by Region, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 21 Global Residential Heat Pump Market by Region, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 22 Global Residential Heat Pump Market by Region, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 23 North America Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 24 North America Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 25 North America Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 26 North America Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 27 North America Electric Powered Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 28 North America Electric Powered Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 29 North America Gas Powered Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 30 North America Gas Powered Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 31 North America Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 32 North America Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 33 North America Air Source Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 34 North America Air Source Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 35 North America Geothermal Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 36 North America Geothermal Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 37 North America Water Source Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 38 North America Water Source Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 39 North America Residential Heat Pump Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 40 North America Residential Heat Pump Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 41 US Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 42 US Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 43 US Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 44 US Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 45 US Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 46 US Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 47 Canada Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 48 Canada Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 49 Canada Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 50 Canada Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 51 Canada Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 52 Canada Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 53 Mexico Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 54 Mexico Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 55 Mexico Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 56 Mexico Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 57 Mexico Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 58 Mexico Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 59 Rest of North America Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 60 Rest of North America Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 61 Rest of North America Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 62 Rest of North America Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 63 Rest of North America Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 64 Rest of North America Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 65 Europe Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 66 Europe Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 67 Europe Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 68 Europe Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 69 Europe Electric Powered Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 70 Europe Electric Powered Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 71 Europe Gas Powered Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 72 Europe Gas Powered Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 73 Europe Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 74 Europe Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 75 Europe Air Source Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 76 Europe Air Source Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 77 Europe Geothermal Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 78 Europe Geothermal Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 79 Europe Water Source Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 80 Europe Water Source Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 81 Europe Residential Heat Pump Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 82 Europe Residential Heat Pump Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 83 Germany Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 84 Germany Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 85 Germany Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 86 Germany Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 87 Germany Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 88 Germany Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 89 UK Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 90 UK Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 91 UK Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 92 UK Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 93 UK Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 94 UK Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 95 France Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 96 France Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 97 France Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 98 France Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 99 France Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 100 France Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 101 Russia Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 102 Russia Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 103 Russia Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 104 Russia Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 105 Russia Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 106 Russia Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 107 Spain Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 108 Spain Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 109 Spain Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 110 Spain Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 111 Spain Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 112 Spain Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 113 Italy Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 114 Italy Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 115 Italy Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 116 Italy Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 117 Italy Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 118 Italy Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 119 Rest of Europe Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 120 Rest of Europe Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 121 Rest of Europe Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 122 Rest of Europe Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 123 Rest of Europe Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 124 Rest of Europe Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 125 Asia Pacific Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 126 Asia Pacific Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 127 Asia Pacific Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 128 Asia Pacific Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 129 Asia Pacific Electric Powered Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 130 Asia Pacific Electric Powered Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 131 Asia Pacific Gas Powered Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 132 Asia Pacific Gas Powered Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 133 Asia Pacific Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 134 Asia Pacific Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 135 Asia Pacific Air Source Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 136 Asia Pacific Air Source Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 137 Asia Pacific Geothermal Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 138 Asia Pacific Geothermal Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 139 Asia Pacific Water Source Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 140 Asia Pacific Water Source Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 141 Asia Pacific Residential Heat Pump Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 142 Asia Pacific Residential Heat Pump Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 143 China Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 144 China Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 145 China Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 146 China Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 147 China Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 148 China Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 149 Japan Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 150 Japan Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 151 Japan Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 152 Japan Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 153 Japan Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 154 Japan Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 155 India Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 156 India Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 157 India Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 158 India Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 159 India Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 160 India Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 161 South Korea Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 162 South Korea Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 163 South Korea Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 164 South Korea Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 165 South Korea Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 166 South Korea Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 167 Singapore Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 168 Singapore Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 169 Singapore Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 170 Singapore Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 171 Singapore Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 172 Singapore Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 173 Malaysia Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 174 Malaysia Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 175 Malaysia Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 176 Malaysia Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 177 Malaysia Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 178 Malaysia Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 179 Rest of Asia Pacific Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 180 Rest of Asia Pacific Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 181 Rest of Asia Pacific Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 182 Rest of Asia Pacific Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 183 Rest of Asia Pacific Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 184 Rest of Asia Pacific Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 185 LAMEA Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 186 LAMEA Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 187 LAMEA Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 188 LAMEA Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 189 LAMEA Electric Powered Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 190 LAMEA Electric Powered Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 191 LAMEA Gas Powered Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 192 LAMEA Gas Powered Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 193 LAMEA Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 194 LAMEA Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 195 LAMEA Air Source Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 196 LAMEA Air Source Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 197 LAMEA Geothermal Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 198 LAMEA Geothermal Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 199 LAMEA Water Source Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 200 LAMEA Water Source Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 201 LAMEA Residential Heat Pump Market by Country, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 202 LAMEA Residential Heat Pump Market by Country, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 203 Brazil Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 204 Brazil Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 205 Brazil Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 206 Brazil Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 207 Brazil Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 208 Brazil Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 209 Argentina Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 210 Argentina Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 211 Argentina Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 212 Argentina Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 213 Argentina Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 214 Argentina Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 215 UAE Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 216 UAE Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 217 UAE Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 218 UAE Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 219 UAE Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 220 UAE Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 221 Saudi Arabia Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 222 Saudi Arabia Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 223 Saudi Arabia Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 224 Saudi Arabia Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 225 Saudi Arabia Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 226 Saudi Arabia Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 227 South Africa Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 228 South Africa Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 229 South Africa Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 230 South Africa Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 231 South Africa Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 232 South Africa Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 233 Nigeria Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 234 Nigeria Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 235 Nigeria Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 236 Nigeria Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 237 Nigeria Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 238 Nigeria Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 239 Rest of LAMEA Residential Heat Pump Market, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 240 Rest of LAMEA Residential Heat Pump Market, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 241 Rest of LAMEA Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 242 Rest of LAMEA Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 243 Rest of LAMEA Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2021, USD Million
TABLE 244 Rest of LAMEA Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2022 - 2028, USD Million
TABLE 245 Key Information – JOHNSON CONTROLS INTERNATIONAL PLC
TABLE 246 key information – Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
TABLE 247 Key Information – The Danfoss Group
TABLE 248 Key information – Daikin Industries, Ltd.
TABLE 249 Key Information – Carrier Global Corporation
TABLE 250 key information – Midea Group Co., Ltd.
TABLE 251 key information – NIBE Industrier AB
TABLE 252 Key Information – Viessmann Group
TABLE 253 Key Information – Stiebel Eltron GmbH & Co. KG
TABLE 254 Key information – The Glen Dimplex Group
List of Figures
FIG 1 Methodology for the research
FIG 2 KBV Cardinal Matrix
FIG 3 Key Leading Strategies: Percentage Distribution (2018-2022)
FIG 4 Key Strategic Move: (Product Launches and Product Expansions : 2018, Mar – 2022, May) Leading Players
FIG 5 Global Residential Heat Pump Market share by Power Source, 2021
FIG 6 Global Residential Heat Pump Market share by Power Source, 2028
FIG 7 Global Residential Heat Pump Market by Power Source, 2018 - 2028, USD Million
FIG 8 Global Residential Heat Pump Market share by Type, 2021
FIG 9 Global Residential Heat Pump Market share by Type, 2028
FIG 10 Global Residential Heat Pump Market by Type, 2018 - 2028, USD Million
FIG 11 Global Residential Heat Pump Market share by Region, 2021
FIG 12 Global Residential Heat Pump Market share by Region, 2028
FIG 13 Global Residential Heat Pump Market by Region, 2018 - 2028, USD Million
FIG 14 Recent strategies and developments: Johnson Controls International PLC
FIG 15 Recent strategies and developments: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
FIG 16 Recent strategies and developments: Midea Group Co., Ltd.
FIG 17 Recent strategies and developments: NIBE Industrier AB
Unique Offerings 
